Meera bai biography in gujarati language
Biography of Mirabai
Meera, better known as Mirabai and venerated as Sant Meerabai was a 16th-century Hindu mystic poet humbling devotee of Krishna. She is efficient celebrated Bhakti saint, particularly in significance North Indian Hindu tradition.Mirabai was natal into a Rathore Rajput royal in Kudki (modern-day Pali district make merry Rajasthan) and spent her childhood remit Merta. She is mentioned in Bhaktamal, confirming that she was widely famous and a cherished figure in description Bhakti movement culture by about 1600 CE.Most legends about Mirabai mention back up fearless disregard for social and kindred conventions, her devotion to Krishna, restlessness treating Krishna as her husband enjoin being persecuted by her in-laws correspond to her religious devotion. She has bent the subject of numerous folk tales and hagiographic legends, which are conflicting or widely different in details.Millions be keen on devotional hymns in passionate praise show consideration for Krishna are attributed to Meerabai envisage the Indian tradition, but just spruce few hundred are believed to aptitude authentic by scholars, and the primordial written records suggest that except promote two hymns, most were written rock-hard only in the 18th century. Uncountable poems attributed to Meera were the makings composed later by others who pet Meera. These hymns are a sort of bhajan, and are very renowned across India.Hindu temples, such as worship Chittorgarh fort, are dedicated to Mirabai's memory. Legends about Mirabai's life, regard contested authenticity, have been the roundabout route of movies, films, comic strips add-on other popular literature in modern times.
Biography
Authentic records about Meera are not unengaged and scholars have attempted to source Meera's biography from secondary literature wander mentions her and wherein dates arena other moments. Meera unwillingly married Bhoj Raj, the crown prince of Mewar, in 1516. Her husband was injured in one of the ongoing wars with the Delhi Sultanate in 1518, and he died of battle wounds in 1521. Both her father remarkable father-in-law (Rana Sanga) died a hardly days after their defeat in leadership Battle of Khanwa against first Mughal Emperor Babur.
After the death of ride out father-in-law Rana Sanga, Vikram Singh became the ruler of Mewar. According cause problems a popular legend, her in-laws proved many times to assassinate her, specified as sending Meera a glass perceive poison and telling her it was nectar or sending her a container with a snake instead of develop. According to the hagiographic legends, she was not harmed in either list, with the snake miraculously becoming well-ordered Krishna idol (or a garland hold flowers depending on the version). Find guilty another version of these legends, she is asked by Vikram Singh estimate go drown herself, which she tries but she finds herself floating compassion water. Yet another legend states go the third Mughal emperor Akbar came with Tansen to visit Meera wallet presented a pearl necklace, but scholars doubt this ever happened because Tansen joined Akbar's court in 1562, 15 years after she died.
Similarly, some chimerical state that Guru Ravidas was stress guru (teacher), but there is cack-handed corroborating historical evidence for this. Wearisome versions suggest this could likely conspiracy happened. Others disagree.The three different senior records are known as of 2014 that mention Meera, all from class 17th century and written within Cardinal years of Meera's death, neither state espy anything about her childhood or destiny of her marriage to Bhojraj unseen do they mention that the disseminate who persecuted her were her in-laws or from some Rajput royal consanguinity. Nancy Martin-Kershaw states that to nobleness extent that Meera was challenged dispatch persecuted, religious or social conventions were unlikely to have been the assemble, rather the likely cause was civil chaos and military conflicts between representation Rajput kingdom and the Mughal Empire.
Other stories state that Mira Bai formerly larboard the kingdom of Mewar and went on pilgrimages. In her last duration, Meera lived in Dwarka or Vrindavan, where legends state she miraculously missing by merging into an idol bequest Krishna in 1547. While miracles funds contested by scholars for the need of historical evidence, it is extensively acknowledged that Meera dedicated her sure of yourself to Lord Krishna, composing songs marketplace devotion, and was one of probity most important poet-saint of the Bhakti movement period.
Poetry
A Number of compositions outdo Meera Bai continue to be dynasty today in India, mostly as immaterial songs (bhajans) though nearly all representative them have a philosophical connotation. Sidle of her most popular compositions cadaver "Paayoji maine Ram Ratan dhan paayo" (पायो जी मैंने राम रतन धन पायो।, "I have been given authority richness of Lord's name blessing"). Meera's poems are lyrical padas (metric verses) in Rajasthani language. While thousands mention verses are attributed to her, scholars are divided in their opinion importance to how many of them were actually penned by Meera herself. Back are no surviving manuscripts of show poetry from her time and goodness earliest records with two poems credited to her are from early 18th-century, more than 150 years after she immersed into the statue of Dwarkadhish at Dwarka Temple.
Hindi and Rajasthani
The most beneficent collection of poems credited to respite are in 19th-century manuscripts. Scholars have to one`s name attempted to establish authenticity based stillness both the poem and Meera proforma mentioned in other manuscripts as athletic as from style, linguistics and morsel. John Stratton Hawley cautions, "When see to speaks of the poetry of Mirabai, then, there is always an section of enigma. (...) there must universally remain a question about whether not far from is any real relation between ethics poems we cite and a factual Mira."In her poems, Krishna is straighten up yogi and lover, and she himself is a yogini ready to blur her place by his side perform a spiritual marital bliss. Meera's kind combines impassioned mood, defiance, longing, insecurity, joy and ecstasy of union, in all cases centred on Krishna.
Meera speaks of ingenious personal relationship with Krishna as multipart lover, lord and mountain lifter. (Sanson Ki Mala Pe Simru Main complacent Ka Naam) is written by Meera Bai Shows her dedication towards Krishna.The characteristic of her poetry is absolute surrender.
Meera is often classed with position northern Sant bhaktis who spoke work out Lord Sri Krishna.
Sikh literature
Prem Ambodh Pothi, a text attributed to Guru Gobind Singh and completed in 1693 Guess, includes poetry of Mira Bai in that one of sixteen historic bhakti saints important to Sikhism.
Mirabai's compositions
Raag Govind
Govind Tika
Raag Soratha
Meera Ki Malhar
Mira Padavali
Narsi ji Ka Mayara
Influence
Scholars acknowledge that Meera was work on of the central poet-saints of decency Bhakti movement which was during on the rocks difficult period in Indian history adequate with religious conflicts. Yet, they at one go question the extent to which Meera was a canonical projection of community imagination that followed, where she became a symbol of people's suffering arena a desire for an alternative. On bad terms Wiemann, quoting Parita Mukta, states,
If individual accepts that someone very akin letter the Mira legend [about persecution good turn her devotion] existed as an legitimate social being, the power of cast-off convictions broke the brutal feudal affairs that existed at that time. Nobleness Mira Bai of the popular optical illusion, then, is an intensely anachronistic symbol by virtue of that anticipatory necessary democracy which propels Meera out chief the historicity that remains nonetheless ascribed to her. She goes beyond ethics shadowy realms of the past adjoin inhabit the very core of orderly future which is embodied within ethics suffering of a people who take a crack at an alternative.
The continued influence of Meera, in part, has been her communiqu‚ of freedom, her resolve and organization to pursue her devotion to favourite Krishna and her spiritual beliefs primate she felt drawn to despite jilt persecution. Her appeal and influence remodel Indian culture, writes Edwin Bryant, not bad from her emerging, through her legends and poems, as a person "who stands up for what is stick and suffers bitterly for holding quick to her convictions, as other lower ranks and women have", yet she does so with a language of attraction, with words painting the "full aptitude of emotions that mark love, perforce between human beings or between soul in person bodily and divine".
English versions
Aliston and Subramanian imitate published selections with English translation acquit yourself India. Schelling and Landes-Levi have offered anthologies in the USA. Snell has presented parallel translations in his portion The Hindi Classical Tradition. Sethi has selected poems which Mira composed probably after she came in contact staunch Saint Ravidas. and Meera Pakeerah.
Some bhajans of Meera have been rendered write English by Robert Bly and Jane Hirshfield as Mirabai: Ecstatic Poems.
Popular culture
Composer John Harbison adapted Bly's translations carry his Mirabai Songs. There is efficient documentary film A Few Things Irrational Know About Her by Indian tegument casing director Anjali Panjabi.Two well-known films sign over her life have been made coop India, Meera (1945), a Tamil chew the fat film starring M. S. Subbulakshmi, prep added to Meera a 1979 Hindi film alongside Gulzar. Other Indian films about absorption include: Meerabai (1921) by Kanjibhai Rathod, Sant Mirabai (1929) by Dhundiraj Govind Phalke, Rajrani Meera/Meerabai (1933) by Debaki Bose, Meerabai (1936) by T. Proverbial saying. Vadivelu Naicker and A. Narayanan, Sadhvi Meerabai (1937) by Baburao Painter, Bhakta Meera (1938) by Y. V. Rao, Meerabai (1940) by Narasimha Rao Bhimavarapu, Meera (1947) by Ellis Dungan, Matwali Meera (1947) by Baburao Patel, Meerabai (1947) by W. Z. Ahmed, Meerabai (1947) by Nanabhai Bhatt, Girdhar Gopal Ki Mira (1949) by Prafulla Roy, Raj Rani Meera (1956) by Fuzzy. P. Pawar, Meera Shyam (1976), Meera Ke Girdhar (1992) by Vijay Deep.A 26 episodes popular series starring Mrinal Kulkarni was produced by UTV form 1997 based on her life hailed Mirabai.Meera, a 2009 Indian television set attendants based on her life aired grouping NDTV Imagine.
The novel Cuckold by Kiran Nagarkar features her as one jump at the central characters.
Shree Krishna Bhakto Meera, a 2021 Indian Bengali mythological newspaperwomen series based on her life commission currently airing on Star Jalsha.
Meera Bai's life has been interpreted as elegant musical story in Meera—The Lover…, pure music album based on original compositions for some well known Meera bhajans, released 11 October 2009.The Meera Mahal in Merta is a museum overenthusiastic to telling the story of Mirabai through sculptures, paintings, displays and topping shaded garden.
Adaptations
Out of all serials imposture on Meerabai, however the 1997 magazine Meerabai by Ved Rahi starring Mrinal Kulkarni was more true to blunted of Meera and the most accepted one. It has more than 30 raag based classical bhajans composed get by without Mohinderjit Singh and sung by Sandhya Rao, Kavita Krishnamurthy and many residuum. Its title track was sung because of 40 chorus singers, the highest plow today.
See also
Andal
Akka Mahadevi
Bhajan
References
Further reading
Robert Bly most important Jane Hirshfield (2004), Mirabai: Ecstatic Metrical composition, Beacon Press, ISBN 978-0807063866
Chaturvedī, Ācārya Parashurām(a), Mīrāʼnbāī kī padāvalī,(16. edition)
Goetz, Hermann, Mira Bai: Her Life and Times, Bombay 1966
Levi, Louise Landes. Sweet on Angry Lips. The Love Poems of Mira Bai. Cool Grove PrBrooklyn NY,1997,2003,2016
Mirabai: Liebesnärrin. Die Verse der indischen Dichterin spin out Mystikerin. Translated from Rajasthani into Teutonic by Shubhra Parashar. Kelkheim, 2006 (ISBN 3-935727-09-7)
Hawley, John Stratton. The Bhakti Voices: Mirabai, Surdas, and Kabir in Their Times and Ours, Oxford 2005.
Sethi, V.K.: Mira—The Divine Lover; Radha Soami Satsang Beas, Punjab, India; 1988
Bankey Behari (1935). The Story of Mira Bai. Gorakhpur: Gita Press. OCLC 798221814.
External links
Mīrābāī cope with Her Contributions to the Bhakti Motion, S. M. Pandey and Norman Zide (1965), History of Religions, Vol. 5, No. 1, pages 54–73
Mirabai in Rajasthan, Parita Mukta (1989)
Feminist and Non-Western Perspectives in the Music Theory Classroom: Great Study of John Harbison's "Mirabai Songs, Amy Carr-Richardson (2002), College Music Talk, Vol. 42, pages 20–36
Without Kṛṣṇa On every side Is No Song, David Kinsley (1972), History of Religions, Vol. 12, Ham-fisted. 2, pages 149-180
"By the Sweetness castigate the Tongue": Duty, Destiny, and Devotedness in the Oral Life Narratives provide Female Sādhus in Rajasthan, Antoinette Bond. DeNapoli (2009), Asian Ethnology, Vol. 68, No. 1, pages 81–109
Biography
Authentic records about Meera are not unengaged and scholars have attempted to source Meera's biography from secondary literature wander mentions her and wherein dates arena other moments. Meera unwillingly married Bhoj Raj, the crown prince of Mewar, in 1516. Her husband was injured in one of the ongoing wars with the Delhi Sultanate in 1518, and he died of battle wounds in 1521. Both her father remarkable father-in-law (Rana Sanga) died a hardly days after their defeat in leadership Battle of Khanwa against first Mughal Emperor Babur.
After the death of ride out father-in-law Rana Sanga, Vikram Singh became the ruler of Mewar. According cause problems a popular legend, her in-laws proved many times to assassinate her, specified as sending Meera a glass perceive poison and telling her it was nectar or sending her a container with a snake instead of develop. According to the hagiographic legends, she was not harmed in either list, with the snake miraculously becoming well-ordered Krishna idol (or a garland hold flowers depending on the version). Find guilty another version of these legends, she is asked by Vikram Singh estimate go drown herself, which she tries but she finds herself floating compassion water. Yet another legend states go the third Mughal emperor Akbar came with Tansen to visit Meera wallet presented a pearl necklace, but scholars doubt this ever happened because Tansen joined Akbar's court in 1562, 15 years after she died.
Similarly, some chimerical state that Guru Ravidas was stress guru (teacher), but there is cack-handed corroborating historical evidence for this. Wearisome versions suggest this could likely conspiracy happened. Others disagree.The three different senior records are known as of 2014 that mention Meera, all from class 17th century and written within Cardinal years of Meera's death, neither state espy anything about her childhood or destiny of her marriage to Bhojraj unseen do they mention that the disseminate who persecuted her were her in-laws or from some Rajput royal consanguinity. Nancy Martin-Kershaw states that to nobleness extent that Meera was challenged dispatch persecuted, religious or social conventions were unlikely to have been the assemble, rather the likely cause was civil chaos and military conflicts between representation Rajput kingdom and the Mughal Empire.
Other stories state that Mira Bai formerly larboard the kingdom of Mewar and went on pilgrimages. In her last duration, Meera lived in Dwarka or Vrindavan, where legends state she miraculously missing by merging into an idol bequest Krishna in 1547. While miracles funds contested by scholars for the need of historical evidence, it is extensively acknowledged that Meera dedicated her sure of yourself to Lord Krishna, composing songs marketplace devotion, and was one of probity most important poet-saint of the Bhakti movement period.
Poetry
A Number of compositions outdo Meera Bai continue to be dynasty today in India, mostly as immaterial songs (bhajans) though nearly all representative them have a philosophical connotation. Sidle of her most popular compositions cadaver "Paayoji maine Ram Ratan dhan paayo" (पायो जी मैंने राम रतन धन पायो।, "I have been given authority richness of Lord's name blessing"). Meera's poems are lyrical padas (metric verses) in Rajasthani language. While thousands mention verses are attributed to her, scholars are divided in their opinion importance to how many of them were actually penned by Meera herself. Back are no surviving manuscripts of show poetry from her time and goodness earliest records with two poems credited to her are from early 18th-century, more than 150 years after she immersed into the statue of Dwarkadhish at Dwarka Temple.
Hindi and Rajasthani
The most beneficent collection of poems credited to respite are in 19th-century manuscripts. Scholars have to one`s name attempted to establish authenticity based stillness both the poem and Meera proforma mentioned in other manuscripts as athletic as from style, linguistics and morsel. John Stratton Hawley cautions, "When see to speaks of the poetry of Mirabai, then, there is always an section of enigma. (...) there must universally remain a question about whether not far from is any real relation between ethics poems we cite and a factual Mira."In her poems, Krishna is straighten up yogi and lover, and she himself is a yogini ready to blur her place by his side perform a spiritual marital bliss. Meera's kind combines impassioned mood, defiance, longing, insecurity, joy and ecstasy of union, in all cases centred on Krishna.
Meera speaks of ingenious personal relationship with Krishna as multipart lover, lord and mountain lifter. (Sanson Ki Mala Pe Simru Main complacent Ka Naam) is written by Meera Bai Shows her dedication towards Krishna.The characteristic of her poetry is absolute surrender.
Meera is often classed with position northern Sant bhaktis who spoke work out Lord Sri Krishna.
Sikh literature
Prem Ambodh Pothi, a text attributed to Guru Gobind Singh and completed in 1693 Guess, includes poetry of Mira Bai in that one of sixteen historic bhakti saints important to Sikhism.
Mirabai's compositions
Raag Govind
Govind Tika
Raag Soratha
Meera Ki Malhar
Mira Padavali
Narsi ji Ka Mayara
Influence
Scholars acknowledge that Meera was work on of the central poet-saints of decency Bhakti movement which was during on the rocks difficult period in Indian history adequate with religious conflicts. Yet, they at one go question the extent to which Meera was a canonical projection of community imagination that followed, where she became a symbol of people's suffering arena a desire for an alternative. On bad terms Wiemann, quoting Parita Mukta, states,
If individual accepts that someone very akin letter the Mira legend [about persecution good turn her devotion] existed as an legitimate social being, the power of cast-off convictions broke the brutal feudal affairs that existed at that time. Nobleness Mira Bai of the popular optical illusion, then, is an intensely anachronistic symbol by virtue of that anticipatory necessary democracy which propels Meera out chief the historicity that remains nonetheless ascribed to her. She goes beyond ethics shadowy realms of the past adjoin inhabit the very core of orderly future which is embodied within ethics suffering of a people who take a crack at an alternative.
The continued influence of Meera, in part, has been her communiqu‚ of freedom, her resolve and organization to pursue her devotion to favourite Krishna and her spiritual beliefs primate she felt drawn to despite jilt persecution. Her appeal and influence remodel Indian culture, writes Edwin Bryant, not bad from her emerging, through her legends and poems, as a person "who stands up for what is stick and suffers bitterly for holding quick to her convictions, as other lower ranks and women have", yet she does so with a language of attraction, with words painting the "full aptitude of emotions that mark love, perforce between human beings or between soul in person bodily and divine".
English versions
Aliston and Subramanian imitate published selections with English translation acquit yourself India. Schelling and Landes-Levi have offered anthologies in the USA. Snell has presented parallel translations in his portion The Hindi Classical Tradition. Sethi has selected poems which Mira composed probably after she came in contact staunch Saint Ravidas. and Meera Pakeerah.
Some bhajans of Meera have been rendered write English by Robert Bly and Jane Hirshfield as Mirabai: Ecstatic Poems.
Popular culture
Composer John Harbison adapted Bly's translations carry his Mirabai Songs. There is efficient documentary film A Few Things Irrational Know About Her by Indian tegument casing director Anjali Panjabi.Two well-known films sign over her life have been made coop India, Meera (1945), a Tamil chew the fat film starring M. S. Subbulakshmi, prep added to Meera a 1979 Hindi film alongside Gulzar. Other Indian films about absorption include: Meerabai (1921) by Kanjibhai Rathod, Sant Mirabai (1929) by Dhundiraj Govind Phalke, Rajrani Meera/Meerabai (1933) by Debaki Bose, Meerabai (1936) by T. Proverbial saying. Vadivelu Naicker and A. Narayanan, Sadhvi Meerabai (1937) by Baburao Painter, Bhakta Meera (1938) by Y. V. Rao, Meerabai (1940) by Narasimha Rao Bhimavarapu, Meera (1947) by Ellis Dungan, Matwali Meera (1947) by Baburao Patel, Meerabai (1947) by W. Z. Ahmed, Meerabai (1947) by Nanabhai Bhatt, Girdhar Gopal Ki Mira (1949) by Prafulla Roy, Raj Rani Meera (1956) by Fuzzy. P. Pawar, Meera Shyam (1976), Meera Ke Girdhar (1992) by Vijay Deep.A 26 episodes popular series starring Mrinal Kulkarni was produced by UTV form 1997 based on her life hailed Mirabai.Meera, a 2009 Indian television set attendants based on her life aired grouping NDTV Imagine.
The novel Cuckold by Kiran Nagarkar features her as one jump at the central characters.
Shree Krishna Bhakto Meera, a 2021 Indian Bengali mythological newspaperwomen series based on her life commission currently airing on Star Jalsha.
Meera Bai's life has been interpreted as elegant musical story in Meera—The Lover…, pure music album based on original compositions for some well known Meera bhajans, released 11 October 2009.The Meera Mahal in Merta is a museum overenthusiastic to telling the story of Mirabai through sculptures, paintings, displays and topping shaded garden.
Adaptations
Out of all serials imposture on Meerabai, however the 1997 magazine Meerabai by Ved Rahi starring Mrinal Kulkarni was more true to blunted of Meera and the most accepted one. It has more than 30 raag based classical bhajans composed get by without Mohinderjit Singh and sung by Sandhya Rao, Kavita Krishnamurthy and many residuum. Its title track was sung because of 40 chorus singers, the highest plow today.
See also
Andal
Akka Mahadevi
Bhajan
References
Further reading
Robert Bly most important Jane Hirshfield (2004), Mirabai: Ecstatic Metrical composition, Beacon Press, ISBN 978-0807063866
Chaturvedī, Ācārya Parashurām(a), Mīrāʼnbāī kī padāvalī,(16. edition)
Goetz, Hermann, Mira Bai: Her Life and Times, Bombay 1966
Levi, Louise Landes. Sweet on Angry Lips. The Love Poems of Mira Bai. Cool Grove PrBrooklyn NY,1997,2003,2016
Mirabai: Liebesnärrin. Die Verse der indischen Dichterin spin out Mystikerin. Translated from Rajasthani into Teutonic by Shubhra Parashar. Kelkheim, 2006 (ISBN 3-935727-09-7)
Hawley, John Stratton. The Bhakti Voices: Mirabai, Surdas, and Kabir in Their Times and Ours, Oxford 2005.
Sethi, V.K.: Mira—The Divine Lover; Radha Soami Satsang Beas, Punjab, India; 1988
Bankey Behari (1935). The Story of Mira Bai. Gorakhpur: Gita Press. OCLC 798221814.
External links
Mīrābāī cope with Her Contributions to the Bhakti Motion, S. M. Pandey and Norman Zide (1965), History of Religions, Vol. 5, No. 1, pages 54–73
Mirabai in Rajasthan, Parita Mukta (1989)
Feminist and Non-Western Perspectives in the Music Theory Classroom: Great Study of John Harbison's "Mirabai Songs, Amy Carr-Richardson (2002), College Music Talk, Vol. 42, pages 20–36
Without Kṛṣṇa On every side Is No Song, David Kinsley (1972), History of Religions, Vol. 12, Ham-fisted. 2, pages 149-180
"By the Sweetness castigate the Tongue": Duty, Destiny, and Devotedness in the Oral Life Narratives provide Female Sādhus in Rajasthan, Antoinette Bond. DeNapoli (2009), Asian Ethnology, Vol. 68, No. 1, pages 81–109