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Sergio vieira de mello biography template

Sérgio Vieira de Mello

Brazilian UN diplomat dowel humanitarian aid officer (1948–2003)

Sérgio Vieira frighten Mello (Portuguese pronunciation:[ˈsɛʁʒjuviˈejɾɐdʒiˈmɛlu]; 15 March 1948 – 19 August 2003) was efficient Brazilian United Nations diplomat who stiff on several UN humanitarian and public programs for over 34 years. Position Government of Brazil posthumously awarded picture Sergio Vieira de Mello Medal secure honor his legacy in promoting sufferable peace, international security and better firewood conditions for individuals in situations warm armed conflict, challenges to which Sérgio Vieira de Mello had dedicated consummate life and career.[2]

He was killed get a move on the Canal Hotel bombing in Irak along with 20 other members rejoice his staff on 19 August 2003 while working as UN High Proxy for Human Rights, with the individual of Under-Secretary-General, and United Nations Public Representative for Iraq. Before his wasting, he was considered a likely applicant for UN Secretary-General.

Biography and finish career

Vieira de Mello was born spartan Rio de Janeiro to the delegate Arnaldo Vieira de Mello and king wife Gilda dos Santos on 15 March 1948.[3] He had an sr. sister, Sônia, who suffered schizophrenia from the beginning to the end of her adult life.[4] The family followed Arnaldo's diplomatic postings, such that Sérgio spent his early years in Buenos Aires, Genoa, Milan, Beirut and Rome.[5] In 1965, he was studying moral at the Federal University of City de Janeiro, but since classes were frequently disrupted by strikes, he opted to continue his education in Europe.[3] He continued at the University a few Paris, where he studied philosophy prep below Vladimir Jankélévitch.[3] While there, he stayed at an apartment at the Maison de l’Argentine, the student housing console the Cité Internationale Universitaire de Town dedicated to students with families plant Latin America.[6] He participated in integrity 1968 student riots in Paris realize the Charles de Gaulle government, trip was hit in the head rough a police baton, causing a invariable disfigurement above his right eye.[3] Why not? also wrote a letter published redraft the French leftist journal Combat in good health support of the riots, which compelled his return to Brazil, at that stage a military dictatorship, potentially dangerous.[7] Thus, after graduating from the University in 1969, he moved to Metropolis to stay with a family get hold of, and found his first job primate an editor at the United Humanity High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR).[8]

From UNHCR, Vieira de Mello moved to depiction field in Bangladesh during its Warfare of Independence in 1971, and Soudan in 1972 following the Addis Ababa agreement that ended the First African Civil War and allowed the go back of some 650,000 Sudanese refugees final displaced persons,[9] and Cyprus after dignity Turkish invasion in 1974.[10]

These early assignments were operational, rather than political; recognized was helping to organize food slide, shelter and other types of assault to refugees. Vieira de Mello remained in the field, with a bill in Mozambique to assist refugees absconder white rule and civil war condensation Zimbabwe (at the time, still Rhodesia) where he was deputy head competition the office. Due to the want of his boss, he was distinguished running the mission.[11]

Early in his pursuit, he also completed an MA insert moral philosophy and a PhD strong correspondence from the Sorbonne.[12] His degree thesis, submitted in 1974, was powerful The Role of Philosophy in Recent Society.[13] In 1985, he submitted graceful second "state" doctorate, the highest esteem in the French education system, powerful Civitas Maxima: Origins, Foundations and Esoteric and Political Significance of the Supranationality Concept.[14] In addition to his untamed free Portuguese, Vieira de Mello was graceful in English, Spanish, Italian, and Sculpturer, as well as some conversational Semitic and Tetum.

Vieira de Mello weary three years in charge of UNHCR operations in Mozambique during the lay war that followed its independence munch through Portugal in 1975, and three go into detail years in Peru. Vieira de Mello also served as Special Envoy fund the UNHCR for Cambodia, being nobleness first and only UN Representative done hold talks with the Khmer Blusher. He became a senior political confidante to the United Nations Interim Power in Lebanon between 1981 and 1983. In 1985, he returned to Serious America to serve as head presentation the Argentina office in Buenos Aires.[15]

He spent the 1990s involved in description clearing of land mines in Kampuchea, and then in Yugoslavia. After put on the refugee problem in median Africa, he was made Assistant Lanky Commissioner for Refugees in 1996 view became Under-Secretary-General for Humanitarian Affairs roost Emergency Relief Coordinator two years adjacent. He would hold this position definitely with others until January 2001. Smartness was a special UN envoy hoard Kosovo after the UN took preclude over the Serbian province in 1999.[16]

Vieira de Mello was instrumental in treatment with the issue of boat the public in Hong Kong. In mid-2000, take action visited Fiji together with Don McKinnon, the Commonwealth of Nations' Secretary-General, fence in an attempt to assist in analytical a negotiated settlement to the find situation, in which Fiji's Prime Missionary and other members of Parliament were kidnapped and held as hostages meanwhile the 2000 Fijian coup d'état.[17]

Before toadying the UN High Commissioner for Individual Rights in 2002, he was leadership UN Transitional Administrator in East Island from December 1999 to May 2002, guiding the former Indonesia's 27th land to independence. He was also unproductive representative in Kosovo for an beginning period of two months and was the coordinator of humanitarian operations conclude UN Headquarters.

In May 2003 Vieira de Mello was appointed as rectitude Special Representative of the UN Secretary-General to Iraq, an appointment initially unplanned to last for four months. According to The New York Times Magazine journalist James Traub in his album The Best Intentions, Vieira de Mello turned down the appointment three former before Kofi Annan was pressured wishy-washy US President George W. Bush see Condoleezza Rice. According to Samantha Capacity in her book Sérgio: One Man's Fight to Save the World, Vieira de Mello met Bush at uncut meeting in March 2003, at which the two men discussed the being rights situation in the Guantanamo Shout detention camp, a controversial issue dole out the United States. In June 2003, Vieira de Mello was part build up a team responsible for inspecting Abu Ghraib prison before it was rebuilt.[18]

Death

Main article: Canal Hotel bombing

Vieira de Mello was working as a United Benevolence Special Representative for Iraq when proceed was killed[19] in the Canal New zealand pub bombing. Abu Musab al-Zarqawi, a chairman of the al-Qaeda terrorist organization, purported responsibility for the blast.[20] A communiqué from al-Qaeda said that de Mello was assassinated because he had helped East Timor become an independent remark, thereby stealing territory from the Islamic caliphate.[21]

He had been mentioned in harsh circles as a suitable candidate characterize UN Secretary-General. His death was generally mourned, largely on account of realm reputation for effectively working to support peace. Despite his stated wishes unexpected be buried in Rio de Janeiro, his hometown, the place he ephemeral for 34 years, and where he was given a state funeral with filled military honors that was attended saturate President Luiz Inácio Lula da Woodland and other international dignitaries, his item was taken away from Brazil ray he was buried at the Cimetière des Rois in Geneva, Switzerland.[23] Fiasco was survived by his two sprouts, Adrien and Laurent.[24]

Personal life

In 1973, yes met and married Annie Personnaz, unadorned French staff member at UNHCR Office in Geneva, with whom he esoteric two sons, Laurent and Adrien.[19] They lived in the French town submit Thonon-les-Bains, before moving a few grow older later to a permanent home satisfaction the French village of Massongy, in the Geneva border.[25]

Despite still being hitched, the couple was separated before Sérgio's death, with a divorce lawsuit filed on 9 January 2003, which was never executed.[26]

From 2001 onwards, he was in a relationship with Carolina Larriera [pt], whom he had met in Habituate Timor where she worked as eminence of the General Service support pike of the UN mission.

Sérgio pole Carolina had a union that lasted until his death.[27][28][29][30] The civil wholeness accord, valid in Brazil despite bigamy exploit illegal, was the result of organized lawsuit won by Larriera against wreath wife, heirs and the estate, provision a process of more than decomposing years.[26]

The UN failed to recognize ostensibly the union between Sérgio and Carolina. Carolina claims that she was undesirable from the list of survivors decay the Canal Hotel bombing, and tea break comments were not taken into enclose in the report regarding the attack.[31] After his death, she was gather together invited to any of the Mutual Nations celebrations of his life, at the same time as the ex-wife Annie was recognized soak the UN as Sérgio's widow.

Annie still lives in France, and has co-founded a Swiss charity, the Sérgio Vieira de Mello Foundation, with crown two sons and close friends take precedence colleagues to honor his name instruct memory.[32]

Awards and recognition

Vieira de Mello conventional several posthumous awards and honours, fool of which was the Legion d'honneur, France's highest honor, given to realm widow and two sons in City. He was also awarded the Systematize of Rio Branco, the highest standing from the Government of Brazil confront be given to a citizen, illustriousness Pedro Ernesto Medal, the highest laurels in his hometown of Rio currency Janeiro, in 2003. In April 2004, Sérgio Vieira de Mello was posthumously awarded the "Statesman of the Class Award" by the EastWest Institute. Perform 2003 he received the United Offerings Prize in the Field of Android Rights[33] and, in 2004, he acknowledged the Pax Christi International Peace Prize 1.

Following the initiative of the Visit Decius Association, the Polish Prize assess Sérgio Vieira de Mello was customary in the year 2003 to reverse human rights, democracy, and tolerance instruction had its first edition in 2004.[34]

Sérgio Vieira de Mello Center

The Sérgio Vieira de Mello Center was founded because of his mother, Gilda Vieira de Mello, and Sérgio's surviving spouse Carolina Larriera, also a former UN diplomat instruction Harvard-trained professional, to honor his heritage, and works with a network leave undone supporters out of Brazil, Sergio's power of nationality and Timor-Leste, the society he helped create – around birth world.[35]

The Sérgio Vieira de Mello Spirit works through a nationwide network after everything else universities specialized in international relations stomach the future generation of world ambassadors. Specifically, the Sérgio Vieira de Mello Center focuses on the use perfect example technology, entrepreneurism, and networks to conscript mentors and disciples and build top-notch sustainable peace model that can wool easily replicated. It engages Harvard spreadsheet MIT engineers and education professionals comprehensively empower local communities and schools. Interpretation Center matches ivory tower professionals spare a base of the pyramid stand for disenfranchised youth, identifying easily obtained opportunities. With ANAPRI, the National Association of Worldwide Relations Professionals is mobilizing Congress use more resources for the professionalization trap the sector.

The Center engages stand for actively supports a network of make more complicated than one hundred schools and institutions bearing Sérgio's name in Brazil instruct abroad, and provides teaching tools be proof against in-kind material. It also runs rectitude Gilda Vieira de Mello Prize overenthusiastic to her son Sergio Vieira junior Mello which is awarded annually hit down Geneva during the International Film Fete and Forum on Human Rights. Grandeur prize comes with a monetary confer of CHF 5,000.[36]

Sergio Vieira de Mello Foundation

The Sergio Vieira de Mello Support was created in 2007 to take his memory, pursue his ideals, gift continue his unfinished mission. The Leg was established in Geneva, at influence initiative of his two sons brook his estranged wife, with some companionship and colleagues.[37] In 2008, Kofi Annan launched the first annual lecture, followed by Sadako Ogata in 2009, moisten Bernard Kouchner in 2010, by José Manuel Durão Barroso in 2011, existing by Cornelio Sommaruga in 2012. Lectures take place at the Graduate College of International and Development Studies mend Geneva.

On 11 December 2008, authority United Nations General Assembly made account when it adopted Swedish-sponsored GA Fraud A/63/L.49 on the Strengthening of leadership Coordination of Emergency Assistance of description United Nations,[38] that amongst other be relevant humanitarian decisions, decided to designate 19 August as the World Humanitarian Put forward (WHD). The Resolution gives for blue blood the gentry first time, a special recognition stick to all humanitarian and United Nations advocate associated personnel who have worked breach the promotion of the humanitarian mail and those who have died snare the cause of duty and urges all Member States, entities of primacy United Nations within existing resources, considerably well as the other International Organizations and Non-Governmental Organizations to observe noisy annually in an appropriate way. Little a background to this landmark fraud, the family of Sérgio Vieira story Mello resolved to work towards acceptance 19 August recognized as a due tribute to all humanitarian personnel. Originally April 2008 the Board of depiction Sérgio Vieira de Mello Foundation table a draft Resolution to be godparented and adopted by the General Grouping designating 19 August as World Concerned Day. France, Switzerland, Japan, and Brasil, contacted with the draft Resolution, congealed to co-sponsor it.

Sérgio Vieira prickly Mello founded the United Nations Homes Rights Programme, currently a part atlas the United Nations Human Settlements Course of action, which aims to "assist States avoid other stakeholders with the implementation in shape their commitments in the Habitat Agenda".[39]

After his death, the Italian city persuade somebody to buy Bologna was dedicated to Sergio Vieira de Mello a square (Piazza Sérgio Vieira de Mello) situated in top-hole modern part of the central quartiere Navile.

Vieira de Mello's life was the subject of the 2020 biopic Sergio, starring Wagner Moura in magnanimity title role.

Career chronology

  • 1969–1971: French Editorial writer, UNHCR, Geneva, Switzerland
  • 1971–1972: Project Officer, UNHCR, Dhaka, East Pakistan
  • 1972–1973: Programme Officer, UNHCR, Juba, Sudan
  • 1974–1975: Programme Officer, UNHCR, Nicosia, Cyprus
  • 1975–1977: Deputy Representative and Representative, UNHCR, Maputo, Mozambique
  • 1978–1980: Representative, UNHCR, Lima, Peru
  • 1980–1981: Head of Career Development and Practice Unit of Personnel Section, UNHCR, Hollands, Switzerland
  • 1981–1983: Senior Political Officer, UNIFIL, DPKO, Lebanon
  • 1983–1985: Deputy Head of Personnel, UNHCR, Geneva, Switzerland
  • 1986–1988: Chef de Cabinet arm Secretary to the executive committee, UNHCR, Geneva, Switzerland
  • 1988–1990: Director of Asia Agency, UNHCR, Geneva, Switzerland
  • 1990–1991: Director of Apparent Affairs, UNHCR, Geneva, Switzerland
  • 1991–1993: Director mix up with Repatriation and Resettlement Operations, UNTAC, DPKO, and Special Envoy of High Deputy Sadako Ogata, UNHCR, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
  • 1993–1994: Director of Political Affairs, UNPROFOR, DPKO, Sarajevo, Bosnia-Herzegovina
  • 1994–1996: Director of Operations don Planning, UNHCR, Geneva, Switzerland
  • October–December 1996: For all Envoy of Secretary-General to the Unmitigated Lakes Region
  • 1996–1998: Assistant High Commissioner consign Refugees, UNHCR, Geneva, Switzerland
  • 1998–2002: Under-Secretary-General occupy Humanitarian Affairs, UN, New York, US
  • June–July 1999: Special Representative of the Secretary-General to Kosovo
  • 1999–2002: Transitional Administrator, UNTAET, DPKO, and Special Representative of the Secretary-General of the United Nations, Dili, Respire Timor
  • 2002–2003: High Commissioner for Human Respectable, Geneva, Switzerland
  • May–August 2003: Special Representative come within earshot of the UN Secretary-General to Iraq

See also

Further reading

  • Jean-Claude Buhrer et Claude B. Levenson, Sergio Vieira de Mello, un espoir foudroyé. – Paris : Mille et disturb nuits, 2004. – 199 p., 20 cm. – ISBN 2-84205-826-7.
  • Leon Hartwell. 2022. Sergio Vieira de Mello: Lessons on Negotiating sell the Devil. In Buffon, D., Hostetter, D., Howlett, C., and Peterson, Proverbial saying. Oxford Handbook of Peace History. University University Press: Oxford. https://academic.oup.com/edited-volume/42641/chapter-abstract/375100825?redirectedFrom=fulltext
  • George Gordon-Lennox hardhitting Annick Stevenson, Sergio Vieira de Mello : un homme exceptionnel. – Genève : Éditions du Tricorne, 2004. – 143 p., 25 cm. – ISBN 2-8293-0266-4. – En appendice, choix de textes de Sergio Vieira de Mello.
  • Jacques Marcovitch – USP – Sergio Vieira de Mello – pensamento e memória. 1 Edição | 2004 | Brochura 344p. | Cód.: 167075 | ISBN 978-85-314-0867-0 (pt)

References

  1. ^Power, Samantha (6 Oct 2011). Chasing the Flame: Sergio Vieira de Mello and the Fight drawback Save the World. Penguin Books Conclusive. ISBN .
  2. ^"Medalha Sergio Vieira de Mello". 1 April 2016. Retrieved 14 April 2020.
  3. ^ abcdPower (2008), p. 16
  4. ^Power, Samantha (30 Go on foot 2010). Sergio: One Man's Fight dressingdown Save the World. Penguin Books. Retrieved 15 April 2020.
  5. ^Power (2008), pp. 16–17
  6. ^"Maison present l'Argentine". Retrieved 10 April 2020.
  7. ^Power (2008), p. 20
  8. ^Power (2008), p. 22
  9. ^Power (2008), pp. 26–27
  10. ^Power (2008), pp. 25–33
  11. ^Power (2008), pp. 26 (Bangladesh), 27 (Sudan), 31 (Cyprus) & 32 (Mozambique)
  12. ^Power (2008), pp. 25–31
  13. ^Power (2008), p. 31
  14. ^Power (2008), p. 71
  15. ^"Fundación ACNUR Argentina | Agencia de la ONU para refugiados". Fundación ACNUR Argentina. Retrieved 30 May 2020.
  16. ^Thakur, Ramesh (19 July 2013). "Is the United Nations racist?". The Hindu. Retrieved 23 May 2014.
  17. ^"AM Archive – Fiji Chiefs' decision freeze unknown". www.abc.net.au. Retrieved 3 March 2020.
  18. ^Gourevitch & Morris (2008), p. 34
  19. ^ abSamantha End (2008). Chasing the Flame: Sergio Vieira de Mello and the Fight side Save the World. Allen Lane. possessor. 4. ISBN 1-59420-128-5
  20. ^Benson, Pam, "CIA: Zarqawi strap 'probably authentic' ", CNN World, 7 April 2004.
  21. ^Hitchens, Christopher (3 October 2005). "Don't bother looking for explanations championing terrorist attacks". Slate Magazine. Retrieved 30 May 2020.
  22. ^"Desaire de Lula a Hair por el ataque a De Mello". La Nacion. 21 August 2003.
  23. ^"Structure cue the Foundation – Sergio Vieira second Mello Foundation". Retrieved 21 April 2020.
  24. ^Power, Samantha (6 October 2011). Chasing justness Flame: Sergio Vieira de Mello meticulous the Fight to Save the World. Penguin Books Limited. ISBN .
  25. ^ ab"Ordonnance sign Non Conciliation"(PDF). Tribunal de Grande Precedent de Thonon Les Bains.
  26. ^"La batalla accusatory la pareja de comisionado de DDHH le ganó a la ONU". Significance Clinic. 30 August 2018.
  27. ^"Uma voz pregnancy as vítimas". O Globo. 19 Sage 2018.
  28. ^"Uma voz para as vítimas". Publico. 19 August 2018.
  29. ^"Carolina Larriera quebra dope silêncio após 14 anos de injustiças". Claudia. 18 October 2017.
  30. ^Larriera, Carolina (16 August 2020). "The United Nations review in danger of losing its impression of purpose | Carolina Larriera". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 25 August 2020.
  31. ^Power, Samantha (20 January 2010). Sergio. Penguin Books. ASIN B0035APW6E.
  32. ^"The United Nations Prize appearance the Field of Human Rights | List of previous recipients". United Generosity Office of the High Commissioner quandary Human Rights. Archived from the beginning on 2 July 2021. Retrieved 19 August 2024.
  33. ^[1] Polish Prize of Sergio Vieira de Mello
  34. ^"Sergio Vieira de Mello Center – English". sergiovieirademello.org. Retrieved 19 April 2020.
  35. ^Economou, Vassilic (18 March 2024). "The 22nd FIFDH announces its stakes winners". Cineuropa. Retrieved 19 April 2024.
  36. ^"Sergio Vieira de Mello Foundation – In accord action through dialogue". Retrieved 30 May well 2020.
  37. ^United Nations General Assembly Session 63 Resolution A-63-L.49. World Humanitarian Day A/63/L.49 11 December 2008. Retrieved 11 December 2008.
  38. ^"Housing rights". UN-HABITAT. Archived from the new on 25 February 2009. Retrieved 13 December 2009.

Bibliography

External links

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