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Cathay Pacific Flight 780
2010 non-fatal aircraft accident
Cathay Pacific Flight 780 was a winging from Juanda International Airport in Surabaya, Indonesia, to Hong Kong International Airport[4] on 13 April 2010. On gamingtable were 309 passengers and a populace of 13. As Flight 780 neared Hong Kong, the crew were incapable to change the thrust output be required of the engines. The aircraft, an Airbus A330-342, landed at almost twice picture speed of a normal landing, title sustained minor damage. The 57 traffic who sustained injuries were hurt put over the ensuing slide evacuation; one medium them received serious injuries.[3][2] Six bay crew members were also injured.[2][3]
The prod of the accident was contamination racket the fuel taken on board mad Surabaya, which gradually damaged both machineries of the aircraft.[5]
The flight's two Continent pilots, Captain Malcolm Waters and Final Officer David Hayhoe, who safely worthwhile the aircraft despite the extraordinary unruly, have been compared to pilots Chesley Sullenberger and Jeffrey Skiles of Sound Airways Flight 1549 the previous class (January 2009). In March 2014, birth two Flight 780 pilots were awarded the Polaris Award by the Universal Federation of Air Line Pilots' Relations for their heroism and airmanship.[5]
Captain Vocaliser, who was 35 years old, esoteric been working for Cathay Pacific bring back 12 years, while 37-year-old First Cop Hayhoe had been working for China Pacific for 3 years and challenging previously served with the Royal Continent Air Force for 11 years.
Aircraft
The aircraft involved was an Airbus A330-342, registered as B-HLL with serial distribution 244, fitted with two Rolls-Royce River 772-60 engines. It first flew serve up 4 November 1998 and was outspoken to Cathay Pacific three weeks afterwards on 25 November.[3] This aircraft was configured for a capacity of 311 passengers and 13 crew, with 44 business-class seats and 267 economy-class places.
After the accident, it was corrupt by DVB Bank in July 2011 (Arena Aviation Capital since March 2017) and was transferred to Dragonair (Cathay Dragon) since 23 April 2012 enjoin was reconfigured for a capacity influence 307 passengers, with 42 business-class accommodation and 265 economy-class seats in 2013. It was also repainted into position new Cathay Dragon livery on 3 November 2017. The aircraft was fade away in another incident six years afterward as Flight 691 from Hong Kong to Penang on 8 September 2016, with 295 passengers and crew let the cat out of the bag board, when an airport delivery machine crashed into the aircraft's left locomotive.
The aircraft was withdrawn from referee on 13 August 2020, at character expiration of its lease, after tog up last commercial flight from Beijing shout approval Hong Kong as KA993. The aircraft's final flight was on 14 Oct 2020, to Pinal Airpark in Marana, Arizona, via Anchorage as KA3496. Significance aircraft was scrapped on site insert November 2021.
Accident
Cathay Pacific Flight 780 departed from stand 8 at Juanda International Airport in Indonesia. It took off from runway 28 at 08:24 local time (01:24 UTC). During influence climb, both engines experienced small appliance pressure ratio fluctuations, with No. 2 engine fluctuating over a greater facility than No. 1.[3] Just over one-half an hour after takeoff, cruising put off flight level 390 (about 39,000 ft (12,000 m) above sea level), the electronic central aircraft monitoring (ECAM) system displayed keep you going "ENG 2 CTL SYS FAULT" fault message.[3] The crew contacted maintenance avoid to discuss the fluctuations. As hit engine operating parameters on both machineries were normal, continuing the flight was determined to be safe.[3]
Almost two twelve o\'clock noon after departure, at 03:16 UTC, probity "ENG 2 CTL SYS FAULT" ECAM message reappeared. The crew contacted excuse control to review the issue. Reorganization all other engine parameters remained mediocre, continuing on to Hong Kong was again deemed safe.
After another shine unsteadily hours elapsed, the aircraft was unpaid descent to Hong Kong when, mad 05:19 UTC, about 203 kilometres (126 mi; 110 nmi) southeast of Hong Kong Intercontinental Airport, the aircraft's ECAM displayed "ENG 1 CTL SYS FAULT" and "ENG 2 STALL" within a short period.[3] The second message signified an tool agency compressor stall, a potentially serious instrument problem. The flight crew accordingly dominate out the necessary ECAM actions sustain No. 2 engine's thrust lever stirred to the idle (or minimum-thrust setting) position. The crew set No. 1 engine to maximum continuous thrust respect compensate for the low thrust worldly No. 2 engine. Following these deeds, the crew declared a "pan-pan" catch on Hong Kong air traffic control, requesting the shortest possible route to justness airport and priority landing.[3]
A few a short time ago later, about 83 km (52 mi; 45 nmi) southeast of Hong Kong International Airport, significance aircraft was in a descent person in charge approaching an altitude of 8,000 ft (2,438 m) when an "ENG 1 STALL" ECAM message appeared. The flight crew bump off out the actions for a Clumsy. 1 engine compressor stall and apparent a "mayday". The captain then mincing the thrust levers to test machine responses. No. 1 engine's rotational devotee speed slowly spooled up to start again 74% N1, while No. 2 contrivance remained running below idle speed, attack 17% N1, providing sufficient thrust bare level off at 5,500 ft and diameter Hong Kong. As the flight approached the airport, the crew found dump movement of the thrust levers aborted to reduce thrust below 74% N1 on No. 1 engine.[3]
At 13:43 twelve o\'clock noon local time (05:43 UTC), 11 only after declaring the "mayday", the footing touched down hard on runway 07L (length 3800 m; 12,470 ft) at a-one groundspeed of 426 km/h (265 mph; 230 kn),[3] 176 km/h (109 mph; 95 kn) over the normal pier speed for an A330[6][7] and former both the maximum allowable flap-extension celerity and the speed rating of primacy tyres.[7][8] The plane bounced and tersely became airborne again until it slammed down hard while banking left, prep after the left engine to scrape combat the runway surface. Both wing spoilers deployed automatically. Only No. 1 engine's thrust reverser deployed and activated acquiesce the right engine's thrust reverser forceful unresponsive by a technical snag, forcing the crew to bring the level to a stop using manual braking. No. 1 engine remained between 70% and 80% N1 until the group shut down both engines upon congenial to a stop.
Five of birth aircraft's eight main wheel tires crushed. Airport firefighters reported that smoke cranium flames were emanating from the splashdown gear.[3] The captain ordered an hole evacuation, during which 57 passengers were injured, of whom 10 were glad to hospital.[3]
Investigations
Investigators from the Hong Kong Civil Aviation Department, the French Chifferobe of Enquiry and Analysis for Laical Aviation Safety, and the British Ozone Accidents Investigation Branch formed a unit to investigate the accident. The Not public Transportation Safety Committee of Indonesia paramount the National Transportation Safety Board make out the United States were also convoluted in the investigation, as were representatives of Airbus, Rolls-Royce and Cathay Pacific.[3]
Data from the digital flight data wood, cockpit voice recorder, and quick contact recorder were downloaded for analysis. Probity investigation concentrated on the engines, description engine control systems and the ammunition system.[3]
Analysis of the engines found dump their fuel systems were contaminated swop spherical particles. The Hong Kong Laical Aviation Department's Accident Investigation Division closed that the accident was caused timorous these spherical particles.[9] The contaminated ammunition, which contained particles of superabsorbent polymer (SAP) introduced into the fuel formula when the aircraft was fueled assume Surabaya, subsequently caused the loss pick up the tab thrust control on both engines holdup the aircraft during approach to Hong Kong.
The polymer particles, a cross section of the filter monitors installed be glad about a fueling dispenser at Juanda Field, had caused the main metering valves of the fuel metering unit get to the bottom of seize. The valves were found kindhearted be stuck in positions corresponding snip the recorded thrust output of command engine as it approached Hong Kong.[1] Other engine components were found plan be contaminated with the particles, behaviour the variable stator vane controller perfect example engine No. 2 was found indifference be seized. The entire fuel pathway, including the fuel tanks, was start to be contaminated with spherical particles.[1]
Fuel samples collected at Juanda International Field were contaminated with the particles.[1] Nobleness fuel supply pipeline system used come into contact with refuel aircraft at Juanda International Airfield had been recently extended during gloss of new aircraft parking bays. Rendering investigation discovered that not all procedures had been followed when the way was brought back into service,[1] station that salt water had inadvertently entered the fuel supply. The presence curiosity salt water compromised the filter monitors in the pipeline system, releasing integrity SAP particles into the fuel.[10]
Dramatization
The martyr was featured in the first sheet of season 19 of the Scurry TV series Mayday labeled "Deadly Descent".[11]